A female rabbit can become pregnant between 3 and 6 months of age, with the onset of puberty. Mating is not recommended before 6 months of age. Before this age, the body is not fully developed, and pregnancy is more difficult. Gestation lasts 28-33 days (longer for larger breeds, shorter for smaller breeds). An average of 3-8 kits are born. A pregnant female rabbit must be provided with proper care and nutrition to ensure the litter is healthy and the birth goes smoothly.
Signs of pregnancy in a rabbit
In 90% of cases, fertilization occurs after mating. After 10-14 days, oval-shaped embryos can be felt upon abdominal palpation. Pregnancy is determined by the following signs:
• Changes in behavior. The female becomes aggressive, growls, bites, and does not allow either the male or humans to approach her. Some female rabbits avoid contact and seek solitude.
• The rabbit begins to eat more and drinks a lot of water.
• Enlargement of the abdomen (small for small offspring).
• Nesting instinct. The doe builds a nest from hay and her own down. This is how the animal prepares for kindling.
Some of the signs are typical of a false pregnancy. A veterinarian determines the pregnancy and the exact gestational age using ultrasound.
Nutrition and care during pregnancy
A pregnant female rabbit needs to be provided with peace and quiet. She should be placed in a separate cage or pen to prevent harm from other rabbits. The habitat must be kept clean. The optimal temperature is 18-24°C. Dim lighting is recommended.
Proper nutrition is essential for the birth of healthy offspring. In addition to hay, a pregnant doe's diet should include:
• Fresh herbs and greens. You can give lettuce, dill, vegetable tops, and spinach. It is recommended to add chicory, dandelion, basil, and cilantro to the diet. These plants are rich in calcium, which is deficient during pregnancy. Parsley should be given with caution, as it reduces lactation.
• Vegetables. They are high in calories, nutritious, and contain the necessary amount of vitamins. Beets and cabbage should be given with caution, as they cause bloating.
• High quality granulated feed.
With a properly balanced diet, a female rabbit does not need additional vitamins. She gets all the nutrients she needs from her food.
How does a rabbit give birth?
About a week before giving birth, the doe becomes almost motionless due to her greatly enlarged abdomen. Her appetite and thirst increase. She begins to pluck down and actively builds a nest. During this period, the doe must be provided with peace and quiet.
Labor lasts from 10 to 60 minutes. In a normal pregnancy, the mother delivers on her own. Complications are more common in dwarf breeds than in large breeds. If the fetus is too large, the doe is unable to deliver, or the process is prolonged, immediate veterinary attention is required.
